Improved sausage-machine



2 SheefS-Sheet ,1. J. BILLS.

Sausage Machine.

.No. 27,422. Patented March 13, 1860,-

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Patentd Marcii' 1 3, 1860.

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Sausage Machine.

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yin T/V55E5 V UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

JOSHUA BILLS, OF SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVED SAUSAGE-MACHINE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 27,422, dated March13,1860.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSHUA BILLS, of Southington, in the county ofHartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and usefulSausage-Machine; and I hereby declare that the following specification,in connection with the accompanying drawings and references markedthereon, constitute a lucid, clear, and exact description of theconstruction and use of the same.

In referring to the said drawings, Figure 1 denotes a plan of the cutterready for use; Fig. 2, a longitudinal and vertical section of the case011 line A B of Fig. 1, and showing the cutting-cylinder therein inelevation; Fig. 3, an end elevation of the cutter. Fig. 4 denotes alongitudinal and vertical section in part of the cutting-case with itscutting-cylinder and the knives removed and the stuffercase in sectionand its stuffer in elevation, placed therein ready for operation; Fig.5, a plan of the cutting-knife disconnected from the case; Fig. 6, anend view of the same; Fig. 7, an end elevation of one of the cutterswith its spirally-twisted shaft shown in section therein; Fig. 8, asection on line C D of Fig. 7; Fig. 9, an elevation of thespirallytwisted cutter-shaft.

The nature of my invention consists in constructing the cutting-cylinderof a number of heads all alike, they having cutting-prongs projectingfrom theirperiphery and a square hole through their center. Two of themost distant corners of square holes fit to the corners of aspirally-twisted shaft, which imparts the same twist to thecutting-prongs, which shaft receives the driving-crank, this shaftforcing the cutter-heads to turn and prevent their slipping, they beingdrawn together laterally by a screw; also, in the construction of aseries of cutting-knives united to one piece of metal by casting itthereon and providing a recess or cavity in the bottom of thecutter-case, where these knives can all be secured by one screw, thecutting-prongs passing between them in revolving and forcing and cuttingthe meat thereon; also, in the stuffer, consisting of a section of ascrew turning within a syringe-shaped case, the forward end of thestuffer being concaved to freely force the sausage-meat forward, and thefeeding end having a portion of its spiral wings removed and thininclined planes inserted to freely admit and draw in the sausage-meat tobe forced forward into the skins; also, in

so combining the case with the cutter and cutting-knives and the stufierthat both may be operated in the same case for making sausages, all aswill be hereinafter seen.

To enable persons skilled in the art to which my invention appertains toconstruct and carry out the same, I will proceed to de scribe it, asfollows:

I construct a cast-iron case (seen at A) divided and hinged at B at itscenter into two main portions, the clasp or connection being seen at C.An opening or hopper D is formed through the top half of the case A, inwhich the meat or substance is fed into the machine to be cut, andthrough the lower part of case A a hole is formed (seen at N) for thedischarge of the meat when out.

The lower part of the case A has four stands or legs (seen at E) forsecuring it to a bench or table by screws through holes a.

The cutting-knives are seen at F, and are united or kept in position byfirst placing them in a mold and then pouring a molten soft metal aroundtheir lower portions, (seen at G,) which constitutes the knives fixed ina solid metal bar with their cutting-edges projecting above and towardthe center of the case. The bar G, which carries the cuttingblades, isplaced in the cavity H, formed in the lower port-ion of the lower caseto receive it and be firmly held therein by a single screw 1.

The cylinder is constructed of a central shaft, (seen at J it beingtwisted spirally and each of its edges or corners c fitting the mostdistant corners e of a square hole 9, formed through each of the severalheads or sectionpieces L, they being all cast from one pattern, andconsequently their teeth or cutters M are of the same form spirally whenplaced on the shaft as the shaft itself. The object of this is toequalize the cut entirely around the cylinder and to give the meat alateral movement from the hopper during the cutting operation toward theopposite end of case A, and to then discharge it through the opening N,formed through it. This construction of cylinder allows it to be readilytaken entirely apart for cleaning all its parts or for any otherpurpose.

The cutter-shaft J has a stationary collar 0, against which theperipheries of the several head-pieces L are pressed and held laterallyby means of the movable collar P on opposite end of shaft J, which isdrawn up by the screw Q in end of shaft J, by turning of which thesecollars are brought toward each other and press the head-pieces Lbetween, they being kept from turning upon the shaft J by its corners 0coming in contact with corners e of square holes g in heads L. Theportion R of removable collar P constitutes one of the journals for theshaft J, the other being seen at S, both constituting the journals forthe cutter, which freely revolves in the bearings T, formedin the upperand lower case A. One end of shaft J is squared and tapered to receivethe drive-crank U, which is held thereon by pin V.

The teeth or cutting-prongs M are so positioned laterally as to pass thecutting-blades F, the edges of which are set at an incline or f tangentwith the cutting-cylinder in order for it to give the meat a shearingspiral and con sequent easy and effectual cut with little power.

That part of my machine for stuffing the sausage consists of a tin caseN,within which is placed and operated a stuffer.X, they being placed andoperated within the case A for use, first removing the cutting cylinderand knives by opening the case A and lifting out the cutting-cylinderand then turning back the screw I from the knife-bar and removing it.The tin stuffer-case WV (shown in section at Fig. 4) terminates in anozzle Y, which rests in one of the bearings T, and is to receive thesausage-skin which is to be filled, a part of case N being projected up,which fits into hopper D, as seen at A the upper part of case A readilyshutting down thereon.

The stuffer X is made spirally twisted, as

constituting the journal on which it revolves and terminating in asquare shape to receive the same crank U by which the cutting-cylinderis turned, and'is connected by pin V in the same manner.

The stuffer, in order to readily receive and effectually force forwardthe sausage-meat into the skin, must be necked down or have a portion ofthe spiral wings removed (seen at B and thin inclined planes m inserted,

central slots g of the heads L, essentially in the manner and for thepurposes fully set forth.

2. The cutting-knife F, united solidly to a metal bar G by its beingcast thereon and forming a cavity H in the bottom of case A to receivethis knife and so position it by the single screw I, essentially in themanner and for the purposes fully set forth.

3. The forward end of the stuffer being concaved at C and the feedingend having a portion of its spiral wings removed at 13 and inclinedplanes m inserted, essentially in the manner and for the purposes fullyset forth.

4. The arrangement of the case A, the stuffer X, and its case W so thatboth the cutter and stuffer may be operated in the same case, es-

1 sentially in the manner and for the purposes 2 fully set forth. seen,Fig. l, which is fitted to fill and turn 5 freely in large part of caseV, it having a staj tionary collar near its end, (seen at Z,) which isfitted to large end of tin case \V, its end I JOSHUA BILLS.

WVitnesses:

M. A. Scorn W. Scor'r.

